Subjunctive merupakan bentuk pengandaian yang tidak terjadi.
Dia bersikap seolah-olah tidak terjadi apa-apa.
Faktanya : telah terjadi apa-apa.
Pasti akan menyenangkan seandainya Budi datang ke pesta malam ini.
Faktanya : Budi telah mengatakan kalau dia tidak bisa datang.
Jenis Subjunctive
Dari segi waktu penggunaan, subjunctive dibagi menjadi tiga bagian.
1. Present Subjunctive
Present Subjunctive merupakan pengandaian yang tidak terwujud pada masa sekarang.
Rumus
| wish would rather as if as though if only |
+ | V-2 / Were |
Ingat! Apapun subjeknya, jangan pernah gunakan was.
Contoh
If only the weather were a little better!
If only she knew.
I wish they did not live that far away.
I wish you came to our party!
2. Future Subjunctive
Future Subjunctive merupakan pengandaian pada masa yang akan datang, dimana sebenarnya kita sudah tau bahwa tidak akan terjadi.
Rumus
| wish would rather as if as though if only |
+ | S + would / could + V-1 |
Contoh
If only they would come with me.
I wish they would visit me tomorrow night.
3. Past Subjunctive
Past Subjunctive merupakan pengandaian yang tidak terwujud pada masa lampau.
Rumus
| wish / wished would rather as if as though if only |
+ | S + had + V-3 / been |
Contoh
If only they had more time!
I would rather she had been here.
If only Budi had not been at home last night.
Jeff looked as though he had seen a ghost.
My brother wished she had ironed the clothes last night.
Subjunctive "That Clause"
Subjunctive "That Clause" merupakan subjunctive yang berisi saran / permintaan, tetapi tidak terjadi / tidak dilaksanakan.
Contoh
Dokter meminta Budi datang tepat waktu.
Faktanya : Budi tidak tepat waktu.
Rumus
| recommend suggest advise necessary insist important urge mandatory lainnya. |
+ That + S + Inf / Be |
Ingat saja, .... + That
Inf = Infiniive = V-1 tanpa s/-es apapun subjeknya
Lainnya : ask, demand, order, propose, request, essential + That
Contoh
He suggests that everybody make an effort.
We insist that more money be invested in education.
The psychologists recommended that the criminal remain in prison.
It is important that each patient feel comfortable.
They demanded that the president say something about the situation.
It is necessary that everything be ready by two o'clock tomorrow.
They recommend that she should go to a ski resort in Spain.
The doctor insisted that she go to the hospital for tests.
She suggested that we should meet in the lobby of the hotel at 9:00 am.
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