Soal dan Pembahasan TBI (Cloze Question) Bagian 5

        Mosses and lichens are often confused, in part because many common names for lichens include the word “moss.” ....(146)...., the two organisms, often overlooked because they are small and not very showy. They grow all over the world and are used for dyes, animal fodder, ornamentation, medicines, and religious practices. Lichens are perhaps the most amazing living things on Earth, because they represent a symbolic relationship between a fungus and ....(147).... algae or cyanobacteria. The symbiotic nature of lichen was not fully understood until the 19th century, when the idea was first proposed. They form a fascinating exampleof cooperative relationships in nature, with the fungus using the algae or bacteria to produce energy, while the algae or bacteria enjoys the protection the fungus provides.

        These organisms reproduce in several ways. Many produce spores that attempt ....(148).... partner algae or bacteria, while ....(149).... reproduce through fragments of the lichen that break off and scatter. They can grow almost anywhere in the world, from extremely acidic soil to freezing arctic conditions, and are found ....(150).... on trees, rocks, and everything in between. Contrary to popular belief, the lichens that colonize trees, such as members of the Usnia family, are not harmful to their hosts, and in fact, they oftn capture valuable nutrients.