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What is author’s main purpose in writing the passage?
- To explain about the industrial uses of hydrogen
- To describe the chemical properties of hydrogen
- To give examples of the combination of hydrogen and oil
- To discuss the breakthrough in hydrogen technology
Jawaban : d-
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The word rein in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by ...
- Strap
- Secure
- Limit
- Guide
Jawaban : c-
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The following are the reasons why the hyddrogen technologi unlikely gains a development EXCEPT ...
- it needs a lot of money to scale up development
- it needs a lot of refueling network
- it needs a steady distribution system
- it needs the support of major car companies
Jawaban : b-
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According to the passage, why was the hydrogen less preferable energy source to petroleum?
- Because it was highly flammable
- Because it boasted zero emissions
- Because it was a waste of nuclear reactors
- Because it was the abundant elements on earth
Jawaban : a-
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It can be inferred from the passage that capillary array is ....
- simpler than scuba tank
- more complex than scuba tank
- more intricate than scuba tank
- cheaper than scuba tank
Jawaban : a-
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The word it in paragraph 2 refers to ....
- gas-electric hybrid
- hydrogen energy
- electricity
- race
Jawaban : b-
Hydrogen, one of earth's most abundant elements, once was seen as green energy's answer to the petroleum driven, easy to produce, available everywhere and nonpolluting when burned. Hydrogen energy was defeated by a mountain of obstacles, the fear of explosion by the highly flammable gas, the difficulty of carrying the fuel in large, heavy tanks in the vehicle, and the lack of a refueling network.
Automakers turned to biofuels, electricity or the gas-electric hybrid.But hydrogen, it turns out, never was completely out of the race. Now Israeli scientists and entrepreneurs claim to have brought hydrogen energy a step closer by putting it in much smaller, lighter containers. Rather than using metal or composite cylinders of compressed gas that look like bulky scuba gear, hydrogen is packed into glass filaments which, once out of the lab, will be only slightly thicker than a human hair. These 370 glass capillaries are bundled into a glass tube called a capillary array, about the width of a drinking straw. The scientists say 11.000 such arrays will fuel a car for 400 kilometers, take less than half the space and weight of tanks currently installed in the few hydrogen cars now available.
The scientists make no attempt to improve the standard fuel cell, which is not much different today from when it was invented more than 150 years ago. A fuel cell makes electricity from chemical reactions involving hydrogen and oxygen, producing only water vapor as a byproduct. The fuel cell can be compared with a standard car's engine, while the capillary arrays would be comparable to the gasoline tank.
While its backers call the technology a breakthrough, it is unlikely to gain traction without a large injection of capital to scale up development. It also would need a dlstrlbut.on system and the support of major car companies, which have poured billions of dollars into their own closely guarded research programs. Like electric cars, the driving force behind hydrogen research is the need to break away from oil and rein in emissions of greenhouse gases blamed for climate change, especially carbon dioxide from industry and transport. Transportation adds about 13 percent of manmade carbon to the atmosphere. Hydrogen boasts zero emissions. It can be produced from water through electrolysis, or harvested as the waste product of nuclear reactors and chemical plants. Within few years, perhaps a decade, hydrogen fuel will shift the world's energy balance away from oil.
(Adapted from various sources - PTT BPPK)