Pengertian Modals
Modals merupakan bagian dari auxiliary verbs. Fungsinya untuk melengkapi atau memberi tambahan arti pada kata kerja.
Misalnya, Saya belajar.
Kalimat diatas jika dilengkapi dengan Modals akan menjadi:
Saya bisa belajar
Saya boleh belajar
Saya harus belajar
Saya seharusnya belajar
dan lainnya.
Rumus Modals
Dalam bahasa inggris, penggunaan Modals ini ada aturannya.
Aturan Modals
Kalimat Positif
S + Modal + Verb-1 + Objek
Kalimat Negatif
S + Modal + not + Verb-1 + Objek
Kalimat Tanya
Modal + S + Verb-1 + Objek
Catat! Verb-1 ini tidak boleh ditambah s/es.
Contoh
He can speaks three languanges.(salah)
He can speak three languanges.(benar)
Apapun subjeknya, Verb-1 ini tidak tidak boleh ditambah s/es.
Jenis Modals
Dari segi waktu, Modals dibagi menjadi 2 bagian utama, yaitu Modals Present dan Modals Past.
| Present | Past |
|---|---|
| can | could |
| may | might |
| will | would |
| shall | should |
| must have to has to |
had to |
| need to | needed to |
Dari segi fungsi, modals dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian.
Ability (menyatakan bisa/mampu)
can/could
be + able to
Permission (menyatakan boleh/diijinkan)
may/might
can/could
be allowed to
be permitted to
Obligation (menyatakan harus/wajib)
must
have to
has to
had to
need to/ needed to
Suggestion (menyarankan/menasehati)
should
had better
ought to
be + supposed to
Possibility (menyatakan mungkin)
may
might
be + likely + to
Prohibition (menyatakan dilarang)
mustn't
be + not + allowed + to
be + not + permitted + to
Past Habit (kebiasaan di masa lalu)
would
used to
didn't use to
Ada beberapa pengecualian dalam penggunaan Modals.
be + capable of + Verb-ing = mampu untuk ...
could + have Verb-3/been = seharusnya bisa ...
might + have Verb-3/been = mungkin telah ...
should + have Verb-3/been = seharusnya telah ...
must + have Verb-3/been = pasti telah ...
cannot + have Verb-3/been = tidak mungkin telah ...
must + be Verb-ing = pasti sedang ...
Contoh Soal Modals
Supaya lebih paham, silahkan pahami contoh soal dibawah ini ya.
Can
I can help you with that next week.
Tom can write poetry very well.
Can you lend me ten dollars?
Could
When I was a child I could climb trees.
I could fly via Amsterdam if I leave the day before.
May
You may start your exam now.
You may not wear sandals to work.
May I help you?
It may rain today.
Should
You should check that document before you send it out.
He shouldn’t encourage such bad behavior.
Must
You must have a passport to cross the border.
You must not drive over the speed limit.
Ought to
You ought to drive carefully in bad weather.
You ought to switch off the light when you leave the room.
Must have Verb-3
The grass is wet. It must have rained last night.
Sekian dulu ya penjelasan untuk materi Modals, silahkan pelajari materi lainnya di link ini ya Materi TBI. Terimakasih.